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Why is there brown stuff in urine?

Hematuria. Hematuria is a common cause of sediment in your urine. The term itself simply means having blood in your urine.

healthline.com - Sediment In Urine: White, Amorphous, Visible, Brown, and ...

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Urine should typically be clear and not murky, though the color can vary. Sediment, or particles, in your urine can make it look cloudy. In many cases, sediment can only be detected by a clinical test such as a urinalysis .

Healthy urine can contain small amounts of invisible sediment that includes:

There are a number of conditions that can cause sediment in your urine. It’s important to find out the underlying cause so it can be treated appropriately.

Acute cystitis

Acute cystitis, sometimes referred to as a urinary tract infection (UTI), is a sudden inflammation of your bladder. This condition is often caused by a bacterial infection and can cause cloudy urine or blood and other debris in your urine.

You’re more likely to experience acute cystitis if you have:

kidney stones

improper hygiene

urinary tract abnormalities

diabetes

a catheter

sexual activity

Diabetes

Diabetes can cause sediment in your urine due to kidney problems that may be a complication of the condition. It can also cause glucose to show up in your urine as sediment. Diabetes affects how you metabolize fat. Ketones, which are a byproduct of this process, can be released in your urine and appear as sediment.

Hematuria

Hematuria is a common cause of sediment in your urine. The term itself simply means having blood in your urine. There are various causes of hematuria, including:

infection

medications

kidney disease

bodily trauma

kidney stones

repeated catheter use

kidney cancer

Urine may appear pink, brown, or red, or have spots of blood. Sometimes you can’t see the blood with your naked eye and it can only be picked up by a lab test.

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)

A CAUTI, or a UTI associated with a catheter, is common if you have an indwelling catheter inside your urethra.

Symptoms are similar to a general UTI and include:

bloody or cloudy urine

gritty particles or mucus in your urine

urine with a strong odor

pain in your lower back

chills and fever

There are multiple ways bacteria or fungi can get into your urinary tract and cause a CAUTI:

via your catheter

upon insertion

if your drainage bag isn’t emptied properly

if your catheter isn’t cleaned often or

correctly

correctly if bacteria from feces gets on your catheter

Bladder stones

Bladder stones can occur when minerals in urine become crystalized, creating “stones,” or masses. This usually occurs when your bladder doesn’t empty completely and the remaining urine develops crystals. Small stones might pass without any intervention, but larger bladder stones might require surgery.

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Symptoms can include:

lower abdominal pain

trouble urinating

blood in your urine

cloudy urine

Dehydration

Dehydration can cause a whole host of problems, including urinary complications. Dehydration occurs when you’re losing more fluid than you’re taking in. This often occurs from sweating and simultaneously not drinking enough, especially with active individuals and athletes. It can also happen because of a fever, excess urination, or illness. Pregnant women and those in extreme temperatures need to make especially sure to stay hydrated by drinking 8 to 10 glasses of water daily.

Symptoms can include:

decreased urine output, dark urine, or cloudy

urine

urine headache

excessive thirst

drowsiness

constipation

lightheadedness

Yeast infection

A yeast infection, particularly of the vagina, is caused by an overgrowth of Candida, a fungus. Another name for the infection is candidiasis. It can cause:

itching and burning

vaginal discharge

pain with urination

particles in your urine

Yeast is often found in the vaginal area, but if there’s too much, it can cause an infection.

Pregnancy

Cloudy urine during pregnancy can sometimes be a result of hormones. It could also be a sign of dehydration or a UTI. When pregnant, it’s important not to let a UTI go untreated. If you notice cloudy urine or sediment in your urine, stay hydrated, drink fluids, and call your doctor. They might want to take a urine sample just to see what’s going on and prescribe appropriate treatment if necessary.

STIs

Various sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause sediment in your urine. Symptoms of STIs can be diverse, but can include:

cloudy urine

burning or itching in your genital area

abnormal discharge

pain with urination

pelvic pain

If you think you might have an STI, see your doctor. They’ll do an exam and take samples or cultures to send out for further testing. Many STIs are treatable and can be taken care of with medication.

Prostatitis

The prostate gland is below the bladder and produces semen. When this becomes swollen or inflamed, it’s called prostatitis. It’s usually caused by bacteria from urine leaking into the prostate but can also be caused by nerve damage to your lower urinary tract.

Many times, no main cause can be found.

Symptoms can include:

healthline.com - Sediment In Urine: White, Amorphous, Visible, Brown, and ...

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