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What does sediment look like in urine?

Sediments in urine can make it look cloudy. These sediments or particles make the urine look cloudy. During urine tests or urinalysis, these sediments are generally found. Healthy urine may contain invisible amounts of sediment.

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Introduction

Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and other animals. Typically urine is clear, faint yellow, and without any visible particles in a healthy individual. The color can sometimes vary depending on the food, water intake, presence of blood, etc. Through urine, the urinary system removes waste and toxins that the body produces. Sediment is the matter that settles at the bottom of the liquid. Sediments in urine can make it look cloudy. These sediments or particles make the urine look cloudy. During urine tests or urinalysis, these sediments are generally found. Healthy urine may contain invisible amounts of sediment. These include traces of tissue, protein, skin cells, etc. Urine sediment becomes a matter of concern if there is a presence of too much sediment and a high concentration of specific cells and crystals.

What Causes Urine Sediments?

1) Dehydration - Dehydration or less water concentration in the body. This occurs when the individual is not drinking enough water, sweating profusely, has a fever, excessive urination, or has some illness. Kids and older individuals are at a higher risk of developing dehydration.

Dehydration symptoms include -

Decreased urine elimination.

Dark yellow.

Cloudy urine.

Headache.

Excessive thirst.

Sleepiness.

Constipation.

Dizziness.

2) Pregnancy - Sediments in urine during pregnancy are mainly due to the presence of hormones. Dehydration or urinary tract infection could also give rise to sediments in urine during pregnancy. 3) Ovulation - Some women produce extra mucus during ovulation. This mucus has a milky texture and is stringy. 4) Yeast Infection - Yeast or fungal infection of the vagina is caused by a fungus called candida. Candida is usually present around the vagina in healthy individuals. But overgrowth of the fungus can cause an infection. This infection is called candidiasis. This can lead to the following- 5) Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) - Urinary tract infections commonly cause sediments in the urine. Urinary tract infections is also known as acute cystitis. It happens when microbes like bacteria enter the urinary system and multiply, causing infection. Occasionally viruses, parasites, or fungi may cause urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections can cause discharge in both men and women. Symptoms include -

Abdominal pain.

Increased urge to urinate.

Pain and burning while urinating.

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Cloudy urine.

Fever with chills.

CAUTI (Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections) - Urinary tract infections associated with a catheter in case one has a catheter placed within their urethra. There are several ways by which bacteria or fungi can enter the urinary tract and cause catheter-associated urinary tract infections. They are -

Through the catheter itself.

While inserting the catheter.

If the urine drainage bag is not vacated fully.

If the catheter is not cleaned regularly.

If bacteria from the stool find a way to the catheter.

6) Hematuria - This refers to the presence of blood in the urine. This is one of the most common causes of sediment in urine. The urine may appear pink, red, or have reddish spots of blood. The causes of hematuria include-

Infection.

Medications.

Kidney Disease.

Trauma.

Kidney stones.

Repeated use of a catheter.

Kidney cancer.

7) Diabetes - This is a metabolic condition with a rise in blood sugar levels. Diabetes leads to kidney problems due to complications. There is a loss of sugar through the urine, causing sediment. Diabetes also impacts fat metabolism to the production of ketones. These ketones may also be released in the urine as sediment. 8) Bladder Stones or Kidney Stones - Bladder stones or kidney stones are hardened mineral deposits like stones in the urine. These lead to incomplete bladder emptying. The symptoms include -

Lower abdominal pain.

Difficulty in urination.

Blood in the urine.

Cloudy urine.

9) Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) - Sexually transmitted infections are transmitted through oral, anal, or vaginal contact and may cause changes in the urine. The common STDs that cause sediments in the urine are trichomoniasis, chlamydia, and gonorrhea.

Symptoms of sexually transmitted infections include -

Cloudy urine.

Burning or itching in the genital area.

Pelvic pain.

Painful urination.

Discharge in the urine.

10) Prostatitis - It is the inflammation of the prostate gland. The prostate gland is located below the urinary bladder in men and produces semen. Prostatitis is usually caused by a bacterial infection or nerve damage to the lower urinary tract. The sign and symptoms include:-

Burning pain while urinating.

Difficulty in passing urine.

Cloudy or bloody urine.

Pelvic or abdominal pain.

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Painful ejaculation.

Frequent urination.

11) Liver Condition - The liver produces a by-product called bilirubin as a result of the biological processes of the body. This bilirubin, if discharged into the urine, can lead to sediment formation in the urine. 12) Bacterial Vaginosis - This is the inflammation of the vagina by a bacterial imbalance. The signs and symptoms include-

Foul-smelling urine.

Burning sensation while urinating.

Presence of thinness.

Grayish-white discharge that mixes with the urine.

13) Retrograde Ejaculation - This occurs when the muscle that prevents semen from entering the bladder does not contract properly. The semen goes into the bladder as there is no ejaculation. The signs and symptoms include-

Presence of stringy, white bits of semen in the urine.

14) Medications - Medications such as diabetic medicines, vitamin B, and vitamin C have been found to cause urine sediment.

What Are the Urine Sediments Identified As?

Whitish flakes in the urine.

Stringy, cloudy particles in the urine.

Grayish-white sediments in the urine.

Milky urine.

Presence of pain while urination in some cases.

Frothy urine.

An increase in the frequency of urination.

How Are Urine Sediments Treated?

Treatment of urine sediments is based upon the accurate diagnosis of the medical condition causing it.

A good intake of water can treat sediment caused by dehydration.

The use of prescribed antibiotics can treat the sediment for urinary tract infections.

Oral antibiotics or suppositories treat bacterial vaginosis.

Antifungal medications treat yeast infections.

Bacterial prostatitis is relieved by antibiotics.

A proper antibiotic treatment regime is followed in case of STDs.

Smaller kidney stones do not need any particular treatment. Whereas bigger ones need surgery for removal.

Medications or surgical interventions are required for certain liver diseases.

Lifestyle modifications and dietary changes for irritable bowel syndrome.

Medications for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be required.

Conclusion

The presence of urine sediments at abnormal levels results from certain diseases, metabolic imbalances, kidney disorders, or certain medications. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, drinking plenty of water, eating a balanced diet, maintaining proper hygiene, and going for routine health check-ups can keep the condition in check.

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