How can you tell if your testosterone is low?

What are the symptoms of low testosterone? Reduced sex drive. Erectile dysfunction. Loss of armpit and pubic hair. Shrinking testicles. Hot flashes. Low or zero sperm count (azoospermia), which causes male infertility.

my.clevelandclinic.org - Low Testosterone (Low T): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

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Overview

Symptoms of low testosterone can vary considerably, particularly by age and how severe it is.

What is low testosterone (male hypogonadism)?

Low testosterone (male hypogonadism) is a condition in which your testicles don’t produce enough testosterone (the male sex hormone). Testicles are the gonads (sex organs) in people assigned male at birth (AMAB). More specifically, the Leydig cells in your testicles make testosterone. Low testosterone causes different symptoms at different ages. Testosterone levels in adults AMAB naturally decline as they age. This includes cisgender men, non-binary people AMAB and transgender women who aren’t undergoing feminizing hormone therapy.

Other names for low testosterone and male hypogonadism include:

Testosterone deficiency syndrome.

Testosterone deficiency.

Primary hypogonadism.

Secondary hypogonadism.

Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism.

Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.

What does testosterone do?

Testosterone is the main androgen. It stimulates the development of male characteristics and is essential for sperm production (spermatogenesis). Levels of testosterone are naturally much higher in people assigned AMAB than in people assigned female at birth (AFAB).

In people assigned AMAB, testosterone helps maintain and develop:

Sex organs and genitalia.

Muscle mass.

Bone density.

Sense of well-being.

Sexual and reproductive function.

Your body usually tightly controls the levels of testosterone in your blood. Levels are typically highest in the morning and decline through the day. Your hypothalamus and pituitary gland normally control the amount of testosterone your testicles produce and release. Your hypothalamus releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which triggers your pituitary gland to release luteinizing hormone (LH). LH then travels to your gonads (testicles or ovaries) and stimulates the production and release of testosterone. Your pituitary also releases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to cause sperm production. Any issue with your testicles, hypothalamus or pituitary gland can cause low testosterone (male hypogonadism).

What is a low testosterone level?

The American Urology Association (AUA) considers low blood testosterone to be less than 300 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL) for adults. However, some researchers and healthcare providers disagree with this and feel that levels below 250 ng/dL are low. Providers also take symptoms into consideration when diagnosing low testosterone.

Who does low testosterone (male hypogonadism) affect?

Male hypogonadism is a medical condition that can affect people with testicles at any age from birth through adulthood.

Low testosterone is more likely to affect people who:

How common is low testosterone?

It’s difficult for researchers to estimate how common low testosterone is since different studies have different definitions for low testosterone. Data suggest that about 2% of people AMAB may have low testosterone. And other studies have estimated that more than 8% of people AMAB aged 50 to 79 years have low testosterone.

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Can testosterone pills cause blood clots?

Within the first six months of testosterone treatment, a man's risk of blood clots increased 63 percent compared to those not taking the hormone, the researchers found.

webmd.com - Testosterone Therapy May Be Linked to Blood Clots - WebMD

WEDNESDAY, Nov. 30, 2016 (HealthDay News) -- Testosterone treatment can increase a man's risk of potentially fatal blood clots, a new study suggests. Researchers found that men taking the male hormone seem to have a 63 percent increased risk of a blood clot forming in a vein, a condition known as venous thromboembolism (VTE). These clots can cause a heart attack, stroke, organ damage or even death, according to the American Heart Association. "Risk peaks rapidly in the first six months of treatment and lasts for about nine months, and fades gradually thereafter," said lead researcher Dr. Carlos Martinez of the Institute for Epidemiology, Statistics and Informatics in Frankfurt, Germany. Millions of American men currently use testosterone pills, gels or injections, hoping that the male hormone will boost their sex drive, stamina and strength. It's been known for a while that the estrogen in birth control pills increases a woman's risk of blood clots, and earlier studies have raised similar concerns for testosterone therapy, said Dr. Mark Creager. He's director of the Dartmouth-Hitchcock Heart and Vascular Center in Lebanon, N.H., and a past president of the American Heart Association.